INITIALIZE

General Format

INITIALIZE { Identifier-1 } ... [ WITH FILLER ]      [ REPLACING { {ALPHABETIC         } DATA BY Identifier-2 } ... ]                  {ALPHANUMERIC       }                  {NUMERIC            }                  {ALPHANUMERIC-EDITED}                  {NUMERIC-EDITED     }   [ {ALL           } TO VALUE ]     {category-names}   [ THEN REPLACING { ALPHABETIC          } DATA BY { identifier-3 } ]                    { ALPHANUMERIC        }                    { ALPHANUMERIC-EDITED }                    { BOOLEAN             }                    { NATIONAL            }                    { NATIONAL-EDITED     }                    { NUMERIC             }                    { NUMERIC-EDITED      }                    { OBJECT-REFERENCE    }   [ THEN TO DEFAULT ]

Syntax Rules

1.	If the REPLACING phrase is used, a MOVE statement with identifier-2 or literal-1 as the sending item and an item of the specified category as the receiving operand shall be valid.

2.	The data description entry for the data item referenced by identifier-1 shall not contain a RENAMES clause.

3.	The data item referenced by identifier-1 is the receiving operand.

4.	If the REPLACING phrase is specified, literal-1 or the data item referenced by identifier-2 is the sending operand. If the REPLACING phrase is not specified, the sending operand is determined according to the general rules of the INITIALIZE statement.

5.	The same category shall not be repeated in a REPLACING phrase.

6.	The keywords in category-names correspond to a category of data: alphabetic, alphanumeric, alphanumeric-edit, numeric, numeric-edited. If ALL is specified in the VALUE phrase it is as if all of the categories listed in category-names were specified.

General Rules

1.	When identifier-1 references a bit group item or a national group item, identifier-1 is processed as a group item. When identifier-2 references a bit group item or a national group item, identifier-2 is processed as an elementary data item.

2.	If more than one identifier-1 is specified in an INITIALIZE statement, the result of executing this INITIALIZE statement is the same as if a separate INITIALIZE statement had been written for each identifier-1 in the same order as specified in the INITIALIZE statement.

3.	Whether identifier-1 references an elementary item or a group item, the effect of the execution of the INITIALIZE statement is as though a series of implicit MOVE or SET statements, each of which has an elementary data item as its receiving operand, were executed.

 

The implicit statement is:

 

MOVE sending-operand TO receiving-operand.

4.	The receiving-operand in each implicit MOVE or SET statement is determined by applying the following steps in order:

A.	First, the following data items are excluded as receiving-operands:

i.	Any identifiers that are not valid receiving operands of a MOVE statement.

ii.	If the FILLER phrase is not specified, elementary data items with an explicit or implicit FILLER clause.

iii.

Any elementary data item subordinate to identifier-1 whose data description entry contains a REDEFINES or RENAMES clause or is subordinate to a data item whose data description entry contains a REDEFINES clause. However, identifier-1 may itself have a REDEFINES clause or be subordinate to a data item with a REDEFINES clause.

B.	Second, an elementary data item is a possible receiving item if:

i.	It is explicitly referenced by identifier-1; or

ii.	It is contained within the group data item referenced by identifier-1. If the elementary data item is a table element, each occurrence of the elementary data item is a possible receiving-operand.

C.	Finally, each possible receiving-operand is a receiving-operand if at least one of the following is true:

i.	The VALUE phrase is specified, the category of the elementary data item is one of the categories specified or implied in the VALUE phrase, and the following is true:

a.	A data-item format or table format VALUE clause is specified in the data description entry of the elementary data item.

ii.	The REPLACING phrase is specified and the category of the elementary data item is one of the categories specified in the REPLACING phrase; or

iii.	Neither the REPLACING phrase nor the VALUE phrase is specified.

5.	The sending-operand in each implicit MOVE and SET statement is determined as follows:

A.	If the data item qualifies as a receiving-operand because of the VALUE phrase:

i.

The sending-operand is determined by the literal in the VALUE clause specified in the data description entry of the data item. If the data item is a table element, the literal in the VALUE clause that corresponds to the occurrence being initialized determines the sending-operand. The actual sending-operand is a literal that, when moved to the receiving-operand with a MOVE statement, produces the same result as the initial value of the data item as produced by the application of the VALUE clause.

B.	If the data item does not qualify as a receiving-operand because of the VALUE phrase, but does qualify because of the REPLACING phrase, the sending-operand is the literal-1 or identifier-2 associated with the category specified in the REPLACING phrase.

C.	The sending-operand used depends on the category of the receiving-operand as follows:

Receiving operand	Figurative constant
Alphabetic	Figurative constant alphanumeric SPACES
Alphanumeric	Figurative constant alphanumeric SPACES
Alphanumeric-edited	Figurative constant alphanumeric SPACES
Boolean	Figurative constant ZEROES
National	Figurative constant national SPACES
National-edited	Figurative constant national SPACES
Numeric	Figurative constant ZEROES
Numeric-edited	Figurative constant ZEROES
Object-reference	Predefined object reference NULL

6.

If identifier-1 references a group data item, affected elementary data items are initialized in the sequence of their definition within the group data item. For a variable-occurrence data item, the number of occurrences initialized is determined by the rules of the OCCURS clause for a receiving data item.

7.	If identifier-1 occupies the same storage area as identifier-2, the result of the execution of this statement is undefined, even if they are defined by the same data description entry.

8.	Index data items and elementary FILLER data items are not affected by the INITIALIZE statement, unless the optional WITH FILLER phrase is specified, in which case FILLER data items are initialized.

Examples

The following examples are applied to the following group data item

01 var1.    05 num1   pic 9(3) value 125.    05 str1   pic x(3) value "abc".    05 num-ed pic zz,zz9 value 1234.

Initialize group item to the default values by type

*> values before initialize: 125abc 1,234 initialize var1 *> values after  initialize: 000        0

Initialize group item to specific values by type

*> values before initialize: 125abc 1,234 initialize var1 replacing                  alphanumeric   by all "x"                 numeric        by all "9"                 numeric-edited by "0" end-initialize *> values after  initialize: 999xxx     0